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# Does PLD assess fluency in Foundation?

| PLD does not screen reading fluency in Foundation.
_“The achievement of oral fluency marks an important point in a students’ reading journey. It reinforces the relationship between learning to read and reading to learn.” Konza (2011, pg.6)_


* Students in Foundation are typically not usually fluent readers because reading is typically slow and characterized by _LOTS_ of decoding. 
* That is normal.
*  But, decoding should be reducing as the year progresses, with whole word reading and faster readign emerging. 

|| Fluency should start to emerge in Year 1
* From Year 1, students' reading fluency can be ascertained by calculating the words correct per minute as is explained on Page 20 of the [Year 1 & 2 Screening & Tracking Manual.](https://pld-literacy.org/product/year-1-2-screening-tracking-manual/)
* By the end of year 1, Konza (2012) suggests students should be achieving 60 words correct per minute.

![Calculating Words Correct Per Minute](https://storage.crisp.chat/users/helpdesk/website/67ae980d1c7d2000/screenshot-2022-11-15-100255-a_1n3pkzd.png)